War On Drugs And Drugs - 1952 Words

War on Drugs The war on drugs has come a long way without any remarkable success. America has been dealing with the drug menace for many years to a point that four of its presidents have declared the war on drugs part of their main agenda. Sadly, it has been a lost war in various perspectives. Drug abuse continues to be a daily topic with drug abusers flooding not only the American society but also many countries’ hospitals, prisons and courts. The drug trade has continued to cause violent crimes that ravage societies in different parts. Children continue to face negligence, abuse and numerous challenges in the hands of parents who are drug abusers while the only beneficiaries are the drug dealers who make ransoms and the other organized crime perpetrators. The situation has proven that existing drug policies have been insufficient to fight drug abuse and need reforms or the world needs an alternative approach to the menace. A reform to the current drug policy is one of the suggested metho ds by the U.S. and other countries to combat drug abuse effectively. While the war on drugs has consumed both time and resources and proven to be arguably among the longest running and most expensive policy initiatives that have ever been pursued by the US government, it has equally been among the most successful. The policy has only resulted in mass destruction of lives, families, flooded prisons and jails and ruined lives of youths more so those from minority communities. The war on drugsShow MoreRelatedThe Drug War On Drugs1378 Words   |  6 Pagesnon-violent drug charges. These people’s lives are now forever changed because of a mistake they made. This mistake is continually made every single day and Americans are being punished in extreme ways for a non violent crime. The United States needs to decimalize all drugs because the drug war is costly, causes high incarceration rates, and isn’t effective as European drug solutions. In the 20th century, the United States government led a major renewed surge in drug prohibition called the War on DrugsRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe war on drugs have been a critical issue that has repeatedly held a great debate topic. It was in the 1906 when the first act against drug was put into effect with the Pure Food and Drug Act which required all over-the-counter medication to have label of its ingredients. Under President Nixon the first executive branch office to coordinate drug policy was formed and the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was put into place. Two years following that the Drug Enforcement AgencyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe War on Drugs Despite an estimated $1 trillion spent by the United States on the â€Å"War on Drugs†, statistics from the US Department of Justice (2010) has confirmed that the usage of drugs has not changed over the past 10 years. Approximately $350 billion is spent per year on the â€Å"war on drugs†, only $7 billion is spent on prevention programs by the federal government. The war on drugs is more heavily focused on how to control crime, instead of how to prevent it. Not only is the war on drugs costlyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1821 Words   |  8 PagesThe war on drugs is a long going battle and it has created many issues all around the world and as of today the highest prison population can be found in the United States due to drug charges. About half of the inmates with in federal and state prisons can be found on drug convictions. Those charges can range from possession of an illicit substance to drug trafficking that surprisingly continues to be an issue in federa l and state prisons. How can United States put an end to the war on drugs? Read MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Drug has been a serious issue in our society and criminal justice institutes due to many problems associated, including the violence, negative health benefits, social disorganization, and other negative consequences. The police agencies have adopted a policy called â€Å"The War on Drugs†, as a response to the rising drug problems. The War on Drugs has popularized variety policies and practices that significantly increased the overall number of drug arrests, and other drug related offenses(TheRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1199 Words   |  5 PagesThere was so much information on this topic of the War on Drugs that I am still wrapping my mind around it. It went into such detail about the war on drugs that are never talked about. We always hear â€Å"just say no.† I know that drugs are a very big problem in our society and even the whole world but I never knew to what extent it really was. I found it very interesting how Johann Hari interviewed these people who were in the middle of the drug war and their stories. It really opened my eyes to whatRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs808 Words   |  4 PagesWhose interests are advanced by sustaining the war on drugs? Police seems to gain a lot by sustaining the â€Å"war on drug†. Drugs are a significant force in police deviance, with as many as half of all convictions in police corruption cases involving drug-related crimes. Corruption in law enforcement, courts, and corrections can be explained through egoism selfish desires for personal gain. In other cases, however, corruption might be better understood as stemming from socially hedonistic incentives;Read MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs2027 Words   |  9 Pagesincreased federal spending in an attempt to curb the number of drug users and the sale and importation of illicit narcotics the war on drugs began in earnest. The war on drugs has also played a major role in politics as well as having a significant impact on the economy. While there are many arguments in favor for the war on drugs and an equal number of arguments against it I will attempt to show an unbiased look at the war on drugs and drug prohibition and how it has affected society as a whole. SinceRead MoreThe Drug War On Drugs Essay2030 Words   |  9 Pagesthe â€Å"War on Drugs† sought to control the sale and use of psychoactive drugs as well as promote access to treatment for those who abuse and misuse these substances (Bagley, 1988; Elkins, 1990). Policies implemented prohibited the possession and distribution of narcotics (e.g. marijuana, cocaine, heroin); the punitive policies, which often resulted in hefty fines and prison sentences for violators, ultimately prompted the emergence of a black market, more potent and lethal drugs, synthetic drugs as wellRead MoreWar On Drugs And Drug Trafficking960 Words   |  4 Pagestrafficking, drug trafficking, and weapons trafficking. One of the most harmful organized crimes is drug trafficking. What makes drug trafficking organized is the system of production to distribution. Drug trafficking organizations have a hierarchy of power from the kingpins to the couriers. Drug also has political influence they are able to bribe and blackmail politicians. Trafficking drugs is a multi-billion-dollar business, and the United States is one of its largest markets. Drug trafficking is

Essay about Reunion Short Story and Father - 1199 Words

How we see each other The stories I am going to write about are â€Å"Reunion† by John Cheever from 1962 and â€Å"Living with strangers† by Siri Hustvedt from 2002 . These stories are short stories. The one I am going to focus on the most is â€Å"Reunion† by John Cheever. This is the short story which I am going to analyze, and I am going to draw parallels with â€Å"Living with strangers†. â€Å"Reunion† is about a son that is waiting for his father in Grand Central Station. His father comes to take him out for lunch. He has not seen his father in 3 years - since his mother divorced him. The father really wanted to take the son up to his club. But the club was in the Sixties. The son and his father go to 4 different restaurants, where they either get no†¦show more content†¦The last time he saw his dad was at that 90 minute meeting they had. The father lives in New York. We do not get a name on this man. He is a man with a good job, because it was his secretary that told Charlie that he would meet him at the station. He has been divorced for 3 years and had not seen his son since. He was a big, good-looking man. He smelled like rich compound whiskey and after-shave lotion, shoe polish, woolens and as a mature male. He had a club in the Sixties, where he always went. This could have a slight sense that he is addicted to alcohol. He knows how to speak Italian, French and German, because the restaurant they went to, he could speak their languages. He talks to people in a way so that it will make him higher in level than they are. He wants to show off in front of Charlie, so that he would not think that he is nothing. This short story takes place in New York. It first takes place at Grand Central Station where Charlie is waiting on his father. His father came at twelve o’clock sharp. After this meeting they start to go out into the city to grab some lunch. They only have 90 minutes and therefore they stand at Grand Central Station quickly again. The father purchases a newspaper for Charlie at a newsstand. The short story’s composition is built up as they go along. It starts out where Charlie begins to tell us about why he is there and what he is going to do. Then Charlie tells us a bit of information about his father andShow MoreRelatedSalvation versus Reunion740 Words   |  3 PagesLangston Hughes and â€Å"Reunion† by John Cheever are two short stories, both written by acclaimed authors, describing a life changing experience each author had at a young age. It may seem like both stories are completely different in every aspect. However, after analyzing both stories, it becomes apparent that they have plenty in common. Both stories are similar in terms of motifs and the use of dialogue, yet they contrast when it comes to the tone of each story. First, both short stories have two similarRead MoreReunion - Fame or Family?1440 Words   |  6 PagesEssay and e-mail - Reunion A. An essay analyzing the short story This essay is going to be an analysis and interpretation of the short story ‘’Reunion’’ by John Cheever. It will begin with a summary of the short story. Afterwards the plot, the conflict and the setting will be analyzed. Then I’ll move on to the characterization, the possible surprise ending and the theme and message. Finally I will draw parallels between the short story ‘’Reunion’’ and the essay ‘’Living With Strangers’’ by SiriRead MoreLiterary Analysis : A Literary Analysis Of Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesRindler English 101A 4th, October 2016 A Literary Analysis of Fatherhood There’s nothing more like it than a father and son relationship. Although it’s a different type of bond of friendship that you can ever have with anyone else; that helps you shape into the person that you are or becoming to be and you’ll never have to look up to anyone else but him. Although they’re some poor father and son relationships in our society that can affect anyone’s emotional heath, which can lead onto a major leadRead MoreThe Last Game vs. Reunion Contrast Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe Last Game And Reunion Stories of Contrast What is a father? A father is someone who is more than just a person who created you. A father is a person who should be a mentor to you and helps guide you through life. What isnt a father is one who simply puts their children aside to live their own lives and have no part in their childrens life and growth. The stories I will be contrasting are The Last Game, by Jan Weiner and Reunion, by John Cheever. My first reason of contrastRead MoreThe, By Tobias Wolff And Reunion985 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Bonds Family reunions are meant to bring people closer, but at times can do the exact opposite and drive each other further away. Some us enjoy the company of others, the food, and the laughter shared with one another. As where others decide to stick to themselves and just wait till it’s all over. In the Short stories, â€Å"Powder† written by Tobias Wolff and â€Å"Reunion† by John Cheever Our main characters both learn something about their fathers and themselves. The short story â€Å"Power† by TobiasRead MoreFather Son Relationship in Reunion Essay809 Words   |  4 PagesFather-Son Relationship in Reunion As children we look up to our parents as role models, it is universal that we have the need to have them in our lives, to feel loved by them. They are the people who should be responsible for our upbringing and in molding the way we are to be as adults. The role of a parent is not just providing food and shelter but also providing a good example. Unfortunately, this does not always happen. There are parents who for one reason or another are not there forRead MoreJohn Cheevers Story Reunion: An Analysis1426 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Cheever Reunion To you, your father should be as a god; One that composd your beauties, yea, and one To whom you are but as a form in wax By him imprinted, and within his power To leave the figure or disfigure it. A Midsummer Nights Dream (1.1.50-4) John Cheevers short story Reunion examines the issue of inheritance between a father and his son. Not inheritance as in monetary matters, but as in character traits and personality. That is, Cheever asks the reader, to what extent is a sonRead MoreEssay on Reunion, an Analysis539 Words   |  3 Pagesexcited you cant keep a smile off your face. The short story by John Cheever reunion is about a son meeting his father for the first time in 3 years. The shortcomings of a person having preconceived notions of how a person has evolved can be traumatic. I too had a similar situation with an old friend from high school just recently. In the story Charlie looked so forward to seeing his father that he wrote to him asking to visit in a very short window of time of 11/2 hour during a layover.Read MoreThe Thought Of Losing A Family Member1209 Words   |  5 Pagesheartbreaking and spine-chilling. Back in the early 2000’s, in first grade I was a young seven year boy who had no worries in his life. The only worry I had was falling off my skateboard. It was early december of 2003 when my family decided to have a family reunion over the weekend. My parents were having doubts about driving to my uncles house in Garden Grove due to the weather, but nothing was going to stop them from seeing the people that we love because my parents have not seen most of our family in agesRead MoreLiterary Technique of â€Å"a Pair of Tickets† by Amy Tan724 Words   |  3 PagesThe short story A Pair of Tickets, authored by Amy Tan is a detailed analysis of issues that concern many people that are of a different descen t but that have been residents or migrated to another country for a long time. The story was written in such a way that if one does not take cognizance of interpretation of stories; one may not really gesticulate what the author is trying to portray. The story was about a young American student on a journey for the first time to China with a plan of reuniting

Critically discuss Michel Foucault’s concept of knowledge/power Free Essays

In â€Å"The Order of Things† (1973) Michel Foucault describes an episteme as the combination of institutions, discourses, knowledges and practices that organise the way we do things, making some actions acceptable and others unthinkable. He also says these processes of organisation in society are generally invisible. Critically discuss Michel Foucault’s concept of knowledge/power with reference to Arthur Miller’s film â€Å"The Crucible. We will write a custom essay sample on Critically discuss Michel Foucault’s concept of knowledge/power or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Michel Foucault’s is a theorist who demonstrates a modernist way of thinking. Based on one of David Morley’s definitions of the postmodern phenomenon being â€Å"a form of cultural sensibility and a mode of thought, particularly appropriate to analyzing the period† (Morley: 1996, p. 50), Foucault could be considered a postmodernist and a poststructuralist. However, some may consider his earlier works, like The Order of Things, to be structuralist as it may have possibly reflected a lack of distinction at the time it was written and received. Rather than narrating the nature of reality, Foucault intended to give descriptions of a variety of structures of knowledge also referred to as episteme. Arthur Miller’s film â€Å"The Crucible† explores issues that are parallel to Foucault’s thoughts of power and knowledge, however, Miller uses actual historical events as the background for his modernist ideas. The concept of knowledge and power explored in Foucault’s text The Order of Things can be critically analysed with reference to more contemporary work of Arthur Miller, allowing one to draw distinctions between Foucault’s theories and the concepts of collective evil, personal conscience, guilt, love and redemption explored in the film. In The Order of Things, Foucault can give up the philosophy of the subject without depending on ideas from social issues in society, which, according to his own analysis, are confined the modern form of knowledge. Foucault had studied the form of knowledge that appears with the claim of rescuing the intelligible from everything empirical, accidental, and particular, and that becomes especially suitable as medium of power in particular on account of this â€Å"pretended separation of validity from genesis† (Kelly: 1995, p. 82). This lack of empiricism in Foucault’s thoughts reflects a modernist way of thinking. The article â€Å"Conclusion: Speaking as Deputy Sheriff† by Osborne and Lewis, has evidence of a similar modernist approach to thinking and lack of empirical theories. It is less focused on the idea that what ever is true should be measured; instead it makes statements and develops an analysis based on sciences or theory. An example is when it suggests that â€Å"a more historically aware approach to thinking about communication in Australia would be a useful place to start† (Lewis Osborne: 2001, p212). This modernist approach to thinking about knowledge determines â€Å"the ensemble of rules according to which the true and the false are separated and specific effects of power attached to the true† (Kelly: 1995, p. 82). At the beginning of The Order of Things, Foucault claims for a will that consists of truth for all times and all societies: â€Å"Every society has its regime of truth, its ‘general politics’ of truth: that is, the types of discourse which it accepts and makes it function as true. † This ideology is reflected in Arthur Miller’s film â€Å"The Crucible† which is set in a small town, Salem. The entire village becomes consumed by certain beliefs and certain truths which include their indisputable faith in God and the existence of witches, witch craft and the devil. The Order of Things is the story of the â€Å"return of language† which explains the fundamental position of literature in our culture. Ours is a period in which language is taken to be at the source of all thought, and this is what highlights the importance of modernist writing. Language is â€Å"the strict unfolding of Western culture in accordance with the necessity it imposed upon itself at the beginning of the nineteenth century† (Rajchman: 1985, p. 3). The significance of language is also reflected in ‘The Crucible’ when John Proctor refuses to sign a false confession, claiming â€Å"you can not take away my name†. He believed this would have happened by signing the confession onto paper, epitomising the impact that language has when printed on paper. In The Order of Things, Foucault paints a picture of modernist culture in which there is no character of man and science is no longer independent or universal. All scientific, aesthetic, and moral problems are reduced to problems of language, and languages have no warrant or foundation beyond themselves. Rajchman states that â€Å"Language becomes the limits of our being. It is only in transgressive writing that these limits are transcended; writers are the heroes of our age. This is a picture of what I call ‘post-Enlightenment literary culture. ‘† Many literary modernists, including Rajchman and Foucault, tell the story of how language had returned as the fundamental problem of our period, and our literacy culture which thus â€Å"finds itself† to be telling its own history. Foucault claims that â€Å"literature in our day†¦ s a phenomenon whose necessity has its roots in a vast configuration in which the whole structure of our thought and our knowledge is traced† (Rajchman: 1985, p. 25). In The Order of Things, it is clear that Foucault is hostile to the culture that reifies Man, and urges the reader to embrace the post-humanist age he foresees. Foucault rejects the traditional (Enlightenment) idea of progress and science, instead he constructs his history of knowledge with a lack of connection, and his literary history contains a hidden teleology giving way to immediate links to â€Å"The Crucible†. Stuart Hall and Bram Gieben describe the Enlightenment idea of progress as â€Å"the idea that the natural and social condition of human beings could be improved, by the application of science and reason† (Hall Gieben: 1992, p. 22). â€Å". Both Miller and Foucault are modernist thinkers as they reject this Enlightenment concepts of progress, for example, the film â€Å"The Crucible† does not end with an improved social condition and happiness instead it comes to an abrupt end by the death of a central character and hero. In The Order of Things we find an attempt to â€Å"de-anthropologise† the concept of freedom. In â€Å"The Crucible†, John Proctor found freedom in the form of death. By not giving up his name in the confession he was condemned to be hung. However, his knowledge of what the real truth was allowed him to be free in his own sense of the word. This relates to Foucault’s idea of power that he describes as â€Å"a way in which certain actions modify others† (O’Farrell: 1989, p. 119). But because of the freedom of the acting subjects, no matter what violence or seduction actions that make up power choose to exercise, the object of power can ultimately escape and refuse power even if only through death. This idea was taken from Foucault who said â€Å"the exercise of power may produce as much acceptance as may be wished for: it can pile up the dead and shelter itself behind whatever threats it can imagine. In itself the exercise of power is not violence; nor is it a consent which implicitly is renewable† (Foucault: 1977, p. 228). O’Farrell and Foucault’s ideas are epitomized in the film ‘The Crucible’, when John Proctor refused to sign the confession or in this case refused power, he was set free even if it were to be through death. These power relationships were then abolished once the subject was freed and hence there was no possible point of reversal hence the film was forced to an abrupt end. Foucault also believes there is no suspicion that our language, our work, and our bodies might determine the description of our actions and our world in ways we do not realise and can’t change. However, there are many reasons why this theory should be questioned, an example existing in the film â€Å"The Crucible†. The young girls who were accused of witchery manifested power over their bodies and their language in order to convince the courts and an entire village of the existence of ‘their world’ and the fact they could see the devil. All this was done in a quest to cover up their actions that was dancing naked around a fire in the forest. This idea creates a contradiction to Foucault’s theory. However, Foucault also says that our problem becomes â€Å"not the possibility of knowledge but the possibility of a primary misunderstanding† (Rajchman: 1985, p. 13) which indeed was true in the case of the young girls of the film. In The Order Of Things, Foucault challenges new intellectual writings in regard to the change in utopian thought. In the classical period, utopia was the dream of an ideal beginning in which everything would perfectly fit into Tables of Representation. In Foucault’s argument he states that â€Å"The great dream of an end of History is the utopia of casual systems of thought just as the dream of the world’s beginnings was the utopia of the classifying systems of thoughts. In â€Å"The Crucible† the idea of witch craft challenges this world of utopia and one can question who has the authority to classify utopia, Miller or Foucault? Foucault’s ideas challenge many of the ideas that run through â€Å"The Crucible† as he wishes not only to â€Å"de anthropologise† any nineteenth century utopian imaginations, dissociate our hopes of ever realising meaning and separate our freedom from philosophical theories about our nature. Much of Foucault’s work is contradictory and this confuses anyone trying to analyse meaning in his writings. In The Order of Things he had looked at the way in which the human subject is defined through scientific discourse as a working, living, speaking individual (O’Leary: 2002, p. 59). However, Foucault deals with a collective and a great deal is to do with his unconscious ideas of perceptions; individuals play almost no role in his work. He is not concerned with the discoveries of scientists or other philosophers. However, it is difficult to imagine the human sciences without specific individuals. Thus, Foucault uses individuals such as Ricardo, Cuvier and Bopp in his work, however they â€Å"are not depicted as real people, no reference is made to their lives and little consideration is given to the controversies surrounding their ideas, since these issues are regarded as merely surface phenomena† (Spier: 1983, p. 166). As a result, the reliability of Foucault’s work can be questioned because a crucial part of critical thinking and analysis when investigating other theorists work is their background and what may be the reasons behind their specific way of thinking. However, Foucault justifies himself explaining that he â€Å"tries to explore scientific discourse not from the point of view of the formal structures of what they are saying, but from the point of view of the rules that come into play in the very existence of such discourse† (Spier: 1983, p. 166). Spier raises an interesting critic of Foucault bringing his status as an author-subject into question. â€Å"If language rather than man speaks, as he claims, and if the statement â€Å"I am writing† is a contradiction comparable to â€Å"I am lying†, then who is the author of the order of things? (Spier: 1983, p. 167). This raises the question, is Foucault a universal voice of our time or is he merely speaking for himself. If he is speaking for himself as he suggests, then does he claim that what he is saying is a lie? Much of Foucault’s work makes contradictory statements and thus is not necessarily reliable when looking for truths, instead his writing is the developing process of his thoughts and is often experimental so should be read with an open mind and thought about critically. Foucault’s analyses may be regarded as a contribution to an understanding of the historical conditions of possibility of the human sciences and their social and political effects. The underlying connection within Foucault’s work is the assessment of the relation between forms of rationality and forms of power, or of the relation between the emergence of particular forms of knowledge and the exercise of specific forms of power. Foucault believes that power is exercised upon the dominant as well as on the dominated and that there is a process of self-formation or auto-colonisation involved (Smart: 1983, p. 4). If we put this theory into practice within â€Å"The Crucible† one can suggest that Foucault’s idea of power is quite naive. In â€Å"The Crucible† the young girls were from the dominant culture in Salem and exercised their power over the lower classes (or the dominated). However, there was no retaliation and so power was not exercised onto the girls (the dominant) in any case. Thus, Foucault theory is merely a generalisation and not appropriate as a rule on the whole. Power relations, Foucault claims are â€Å"‘intentional’ and ‘non-subjective’†¦ They are imbued, through and through, with calculation: there is no power that is exercised without a series of aims and objectives† (Dreyfus Rabinow: 1982, p. 187). This idea states that at the local level there is often a high degree of conscious decision making, planning and plotting. Foucault refers to this as the local cynicism of power (Dreyfus Rabinow: 1982, p. 187). In â€Å"The Crucible† the young girls execute power over the village through their conscious actions to protect themselves, many were young and naive, and fear was driving them to accuse the innocent. Their actions would ultimately lead the execution of innocent and respected members of the town. Some of the elder girls such as the head Abigail knew very well of her actions and used strategically planned methods of power. The following phrase by Foucault epitomises power very accurately when in relation to these girls from â€Å"The Crucible†; â€Å"People know what they do; they frequently know why they do what they do; but don’t know is what they do does† (Dreyfus Rabinow: 1982, p. 187). This theory on power is an example of how both Foucault and Miller may have been influenced by other modernist thinkers such as Max Weber, a modernist thinker. He believed that power is the †chance of a man or a number of men to realize their own will in a social action even against the resistance of others who are participating in the action† (Max Weber, Basic Terms-The Fundamental Concepts of Sociology: 1942) In much of Foucault’s writing there are seeming contradictions especially in this return to the traditional philosophic view or Enlightenment idea that description and interpretation ultimately must correspond to the way things really are. However, Foucault does admit to his somewhat unreal approach to writing. â€Å"I am fully aware that I have never written anything other than fiction. For all that, I would want to say that they were outside the truth. It seems plausible to me to make fictions work within truth, to introduce truth-effects within a fictional discourse†¦ † With this is mind one can say that Foucault’s writing is still informative and helpful in its own right and reveals more about society and its practices than about ultimate reality. In The Order of Things, Foucault does describe an episteme as the combination of institutions, discourses, knowledge and practices that organise the way we do things, making some actions acceptable rather than unthinkable. In many ways Foucault’s concepts of knowledge and power are contradictory to his own existing theories. While many of Foucault’s ideas are parallel with Arthur Miller’s film, â€Å"The Crucible†, some of his ideas reject Miller’s way of thinking. This non-uniformity in Foucault’s analysis can however be justified, because it is hard to believe that in any given culture and at any given moment, there is only one episteme that defines the possibility of all knowledge, power relations, the concepts of freedom and truth, whether it be in a theory or demonstrated in practice or action. How to cite Critically discuss Michel Foucault’s concept of knowledge/power, Papers

Documenting the American Promise the Brown Decision free essay sample

Documenting The American Promise: The Brown Decision. 1. Q: What reasons did the Supreme Court give in favor of desegregation? What reasons did black students give for wanting to attend integrated schools? How do these reasons differ? 1. A: One of the reasons the supreme court gave in favor of desegregation is because they felt the need to substitute their personal political and social ideas for the established law of the land. Also contrary to the Constitution, the supreme Court believed segregation was destroying the amicable relations between whites and negro races that have been created through ninety years of good people of both races. Better education, more sports and having new opportunities were the reasons black students wanted to attend integrated schools. The reasons differ because the supreme court thought that having the whites and blacks together would bring social and personal ideas along with getting along and still getting their education but once the black students came to the school, their were no white students left and only three teachers and one principal left. We will write a custom essay sample on Documenting the American Promise: the Brown Decision or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The students found obsticles to their full participation in sports. 2. Q: What arguments did the southern legislator make against the Supreme Court decision? Did they question its power to make the decision or the content of the decision itself? . A: The arguments the southern legislator had against the Supreme Court was to disagree with the courts decision of intergrated schools.

War of the Worlds by HG Wells Essay Example For Students

War of the Worlds by HG Wells Essay HG Wells wrote the novel War of the Worlds in 1898, he based this novel entirely on the future ahead of the nineteenth century because people were discovering new things rapidly and the world was beginning to change at the end of that era. HG Wells wanted to show the world what the future could be like and that technology was growing quicker than before. In 1938, an American radio broadcaster publicized War of the Worlds in a drama show. The first two thirds of the 60-minute broadcast were presented as a series of simulated news bulletins, which suggested to many listeners that an actual Martian invasion was in progress. If listeners had not heard the beginning of the show, they would have believed that it was a realistic situation where there was a great chance of becoming worried. Adding to the problem, was the fact that it was narrated in news bulletins which continuously interrupted an opera program, This caused panic all over USA and it took hours to resolve the distress. We will write a custom essay on War of the Worlds by HG Wells specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The novel was classified as science-fiction because it was constantly referring to the technology of these Martians and the future of life on earth. HG Wells was one of the first authors to kick start science fiction into a recognizable genre. The novel has been said to have influenced Roland Emmerichs Independence Day, George Lucas Imperial Walkers and of course War of the Worlds itself, a recent film by Steven Spielberg which was based on the actual story HG Wells is an expert when it comes to creating tension with words. He is most famous for creating a dramatic effect of horror which he does consistently through War of the Worlds in places where the reader feels as though it is a real situation. There are many different techniques needed which HG Wells uses in his novel such as lots of adjectives and adverbs, alliteration, repetition and onomatopoeia. In the beginning extract, HG Wells shows the reader the horror, alarm and revulsion which is being displayed by the characters in the scene. This puts the reader in a terrified situation as suspense is being built up through the extract. Straight away, the reader is hit by the fact that a man has been pushed into the crater and he is panicking. Wells uses the phrase scramble out of the hole again. The word scramble gives a hint that the man is scared and alarmed and is trying desperately to tumble back out. The narrator then shows the nervous curiosity in the crowd as he narrowly missed being pitched on top of the screw. As someone blundered against him, this shows the chaotic actions produced by the crowds bewilderment and anxiety. The narrator turns as he starts to realize the seriousness of the situation and the lid falls to the ground. Wells then uses the word Thing to describe the Martian, explaining that nobody knows what it is yet, and the confusion is gathering. The Shell which is now open appears to be pitch black, this is letting the suspense draw and the curiosity in the readers minds becomes more powerful. The narrator also had the sun in his eyes which gives the fear of the unknown as he cant see it, almost like the fear of dark. The narrator describes what he thinks he would see; something that is somewhat similar to a man, and how he was wrong; this builds up the suspense and gives a clue that the Martian is nothing human-like at all. Eventually, when we do get a description, it is an unhealthy one; greyish, grey is a colour which is not associated with life or liveliness. The other word is billowy which gives the reader a creepy, writhing sensation. The narrator describes its appearance so the reader can imagine the aliens definitions, Wells uses alliteration towards the end of the paragraph by saying coiled up out of the writhing middle, and wriggled in the air towards me the word writhing and wriggle give a sickly feeling which disgusts the reader. HG Wells then describes the reaction of the audience, There was a loud shriek from a woman behind. The word shriek suggests that the emotion of fear is coming to the crowd. The narrator keeps his eyes fixed upon the cylinder which means that he cannot help looking at it and he is watching it carefully still in astonishment. He began pushing his way back which shows that he feels overpowered by the alien and he is backing away. Wells then goes back to describing the creature as it has progressed out of the cylinder. He uses the word greyish for repetition, so the reader gets a vivid picture. At the end of the paragraph, Wells uses the phrase glistened like wet leather. This piece of text makes the reader feel disgusted and scared as it is being described in a revolting way. He then shows the very quick encounter with the Martian by saying Two large dark-coloured eyes were regarding me steadfastly This extract is quite horrific because the alien has recognized the human and is staring at it. This makes the victim feel singled out and alone in this situation because the alien has specifically chosen him/her. In the next paragraph, Wells describes how revolting and vile the creature is. For example, he uses the phrase The whole creature heaved and pulsated convulsively. This makes the reader feel as though the Martian is steady yet angry, as things often increase in pulse when angry. The author deeply describes the inhumanity of the creature, and the revulsion it has on him; he shows this by writing vital, intense, inhuman, crippled and monstrous. These adjectives arent often associated with each other, as something which is crippled is not usually monstrous; this is to give the reader fear because the alien may not be physically powerful, but the crowd are still horrified and revolted by it. .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .postImageUrl , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:hover , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:visited , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:active { border:0!important; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:active , .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753 .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufc8fa3742b729d01e969017a8467c753:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lenny - The boy who wanted to be a train EssayWells explains that this is not just an accident by saying and forthwith another of these creatures appeared darkly in the deep shadow of the aperture. This brings extra shock to the reader because know they know that this is a force to be reckoned with as there is a whole colony of these. Now, this is when the crowd realizes the urgency of the situation and the narrator begins to run I turned and, running madly, made for the first group of trees, this shows that the shock has taken a long time to sink in as most would start running as soon as they seen the organism. The next noticeable thing occurs later on, when wells uses repetition to bring horror to readers. He says I saw a round, black object bobbing up and down on the edge of the pit. It was the head of the shopman who had fallen in This extract relates back to the earlier scene because it shows after all the time, the shopman is still panicking and trying desperately hard to escape. The alien has power over the man as the man doesnt turn around and fight. The next paragraph almost sums up the event in the chapter as it says Anyone coming along the road from Chobham or Woking would have been amazed at the sight This summarizes the seriousness of the current invasion. It continues by saying that passers-by would not have realized the emergency taking place as the aliens were hidden by piles of sand. This makes the reader feel anxious because the situation is still growing whilst passers-by are oblivious to what is happening. We begin the second extract taking place near the river Thames as the alien invasion progresses further. The extract begins straight away with immediate action as the narrator is currently holding his breath underwater, hiding from the gigantic tripods which now roam the whole area, HG Wells uses the word blundered again to show panic and shock as blundering is often something which you do when it is disorganized and chaotic. Wells then describes how the urgent situation is progressing; The water was in a tumult about me, and rapidly growing hotter this means that he cannot stay for long and it is inevitable that he will have to pop up for air, revealing himself to the tripods. In the next paragraph, Wells builds up the tension when he finally makes eye contact with the Martians again. He does this by saying take breath and throw the hair and water from my eyes, the steam was rising in a whirling white fog that at first hid the Martians altogether. He builds up the tension so the reader is eager to continue, and it creates more drama when the aliens are finally described. Wells uses the word colossal to describe the sheer enormity of these machines and then describes how one of them was destroyed during the raid by saying two were stooping over the frothing, tumultuous ruins of their comrade. The description shows disgust and revulsion as this gives a more unusual, alien feel to it. Next, he explains the mechanisms attached to the tripods as generators of heat-rays this relates to the technology that was introduced at the time, as x-rays were discovered and some people were unsure of the concept. Wells scared those people by using heat rays as a weapon of mass destruction in his book. In the same paragraph, Wells uses the word hissing; hissing is an onomatopoeic word often associated with snakes and it scares the reader because the word is unpleasant. At the end of that paragraph, the author describes the attack pattern of the aliens; he says beams smote down this way and that This reveals some of the aliens intentions as they are attacking everywhere they see, this could show that the aliens have no intention of leaving and probably plan to invade the world. Wells begins the next paragraph with alliteration; he uses confusing conflict of the noises clangorous which make the words stand out more as they are important describing words. Wells begins describing the way the smoke mixes with the steam from the river in an unusual way, Dense black smoke was leaping up to mingle with the steam from the river. Wells does this to provide the reader with imagery which could relate to black humor, as despite the horror of the situation, he describes this part as happy and peaceful. This different way of description is continued throughout the paragraph as he also says a smoky dance of lurid flames in a way this creates unimaginable horror as he describes it like a ballet, combining a ballet with an alien invasion can actually cause a lot of drama. Wells then describes how the house which have not been destroyed are awaiting their fate showing that there is no chance of this stopping as the aliens are dominating their surroundings; it also shows as t he houses being described as beings, this method is called personification. Wells begins by saying how he stood still, petrified with not a chance of escape. He says, I could see the people who had been with me in the river scrambling out of the water through the reeds This shows that the narrator is not even making an attempt to escape as he knows it is pointless. He then describes them as little frogs hurrying through grass on the advance of man. Wells said this to show the power and significance that the aliens immediately have over us as we are described as the small creature fleeing from the dominant one. At the end of that paragraph, he shows the panic taking place by saying running to and fro in utter dismay this shows how disorganized the humans are, and that they are desperately trying to escape the creature. .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .postImageUrl , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:hover , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:visited , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:active { border:0!important; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:active , .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21 .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4e091b17e0f941bdf752bdf8d7cf9d21:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: African-Americans In The Civil War EssayWells describes how the aliens were progressing towards him and explains the consequences of the people trying to escape by saying licking off the people who ran this way and that This shows what would have happened to the narrator if he had gone down that path and shows how lucky he is to be alive, also he gives the reader more imagery as licking off is often what predators do after finishing with a carcass. He says how the heat-ray waved past him crossing the river, It swept across the river to Shepperton, and the water in its track rose in a boiling weal crested with steam. This explains the power and heat that the heat-ray can ca use as it creates almost a tidal wave dashing towards him. Wells shows the urgency of the situation by saying the huge wave, well nigh boiling point had rushed upon me. This explains that he has to run as fast as he could otherwise the boiling hot will have scalded him to death. He then describes how he was trying desperately to make it to shore, I staggered through the leaping, hissing water towards the shore The words leaping and hissing are used to describe the temperature of the water and to bring the reader back to the snake imagery. At the end of the paragraph, he says I expected nothing but death. as the alien is looking straight at him. This is a short, powerful sentence which brings shock to the reader and, later on, surprise. He describes how the alien mustnt have spotted him as it passes only a few feet away from him and after that he realizes he has survived I realized that by a miracle I had escaped. This is a dramatic change in atmosphere at the end of the extract and it is incredibly relieving since it gives the reader happiness and comfort after a worried, torturing extract. We begin the third extract in the middle of chapter eight named Dead London, it is a short extract which sums up the whole story and it takes place after the last Tripod collapses and concludes the failure of the invasion. The extract begins with the narrator making his way to the crash site of the machine and on his way, he sees a rising sun. This is significant because it is the sign of a new beginning and it gives the reader a triumphant feeling as it is the start of something rising to the top. When they arrive, they realize this was the last and only place left were the Martians had control, proving that they have defeated everywhere else. In the next sentence, Wells shows that there is still life by saying an eager dog ran and disappeared. This gives the reader peace of mind to know that there is still life after the invasion. At the end of the paragraph, Wells describes the alien as a motionless monster. This alliterates to give more meaning to show that the alien is dead. He then describes inside the crater-like area where the aliens populated by saying A mighty space it was, with gigantic machines here and there within it, Wells is showing the power that the aliens had, and how the must have died from an abrupt non violent ending. Wells then shows the triumph the humans had over the aliens by saying a dozen of them stark and silent and laid in a row, This shows that the Martians were dead and that the area that they are in is similar to a graveyard as soldiers are usually lined up in a row when they are dead. Wells triumphantly explains how the aliens became extinct, as he says slain by the putrefactive and disease bacteria against which their systems were unprepared This tells you that the aliens died from disease, as they had no immune systems which could prevent or protect these diseases. Wells continues with repetition of the word slain to make the text sound like a war speech because it sounds very triumphant. At the end of that paragraph, he also describes how it was actually bacteria, the smallest thing which destroyed the aliens. In the last paragraph of this extract, H G Wells sums up the dramatic downturn effect the aliens had, he also mentions how humans evolved to adapt to viruses and disease; we have developed resisting power Proving that the aliens would not have survived as they had not developed any resistance. Then Wells describes how the germs helped us in this war by saying our microscopic allies this shows how without these germs, we would have been doomed. Another point is brought out when wells says By the toll of a billion deaths man has bought his birthright to the earth, The first part of the quote shows how advanced and overpowering these Martians were as they had killed 1 billion people, and the second part shows how these deaths have actually strengthened our confidence and created an official birthright. The last sentence of the extract is quite short, yet very meaningful, For neither do men live nor die in vain. This shows how every man has a purpose to survive on the earth, to pass on genes to evolve. To conclude, Wells creates many different types of atmosphere, with dramatic changes. The tension created is purposeful as it is used throughout these extracts. The way H G Wells creates this atmosphere is unique and powerful because he shows reactions in other people which affect his feelings. I believed War of the Worlds was a very interesting story. I feel Wells wanted to show a possible sign for the future, to try and give the people some vague idea as inventions and new discoveries were starting to develop. He also showed that there will always be hope even when you think you have no chance.

Mantis Shrimp Facts (Stomatopoda)

Mantis Shrimp Facts (Stomatopoda) The mantis shrimp is not a shrimp, and except for the fact that its an arthropod, its not related to the praying mantis, either. Instead, mantis shrimps are 500 different species belonging to the order Stomatopoda. To distinguish them from true shrimp, mantis shrimps are sometimes called stomatopods. Mantis shrimps are known for their powerful claws, which they use to bludgeon or stab their prey. In addition to their fierce hunting method, mantis shrimps are also known for their extraordinary sense of sight. Fast Facts: Mantis Shrimp ï » ¿Scientific Name: Stomatopoda (e.g., Odontodactylus scyllarus)Other Names: Stomatopod, sea locust, thumb splitter, prawn killerDistinguishing Features: Eyes mounted on movable stalks that can move independently of one anotherAverage Size: 10 centimeters (3.9 in)Diet: CarnivorousLife Span: 20 yearsHabitat: Shallow tropical and subtropical marine environmentsConservation Status: Not evaluatedKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: MalacostracaOrder: StomatopodaFun Fact: A strike from a mantis shrimp claw is so forceful it can shatter aquarium glass. Description There are over 500 species of mantis shrimps in a range of sizes and rainbow of colors. Like other crustaceans, the mantis shrimp has a carapace or shell. Its colors range from brown to vivid rainbow hues. The average mature mantis shrimp is around 10 centimeters (3.9 in) long, but some reach 38 centimeters (15 in). One was even documented at a length of 46 centimeters (18 in). The mantis shrimps claws are its most distinctive feature. Depending on the species, the second pair of appendage- known as raptorial claws- act as either clubs or spears. The mantis shrimp can use its claws to bludgeon or stab prey. Vision Stomatopods have the most complex vision in the animal kingdom, even exceeding that of butterflies. The mantis shrimp has compound eyes mounted on stalks, and can swivel them independently of one another to survey its surroundings. While humans have three types of photoreceptors, a mantis shrimps eyes have between 12 and 16 types of photoreceptor cells. Some species can even tune the sensitivity of their color vision. Peacock Mantis Shrimp (Odontodactylus scyllarus) eyes. Sirachai Arunrugstichai / Getty Images The cluster of photoreceptors, called ommatidia, are arranged in parallel rows into three regions. This gives each eye depth perception and trinocular vision. Mantis shrimps can perceive wavelengths from deep ultraviolet through the visible spectrum and into far red. They can also see polarized light. Some species can perceive circularly polarized light- an ability not found in any other animal species. Their exceptional vision gives the mantis shrimp a survival advantage in an environment that can range from bright to murky and allows them to see and gauge distance to shimmering or translucent objects. Distribution The mantis shrimp lives in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide. Most species live in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Some species live in temperate marine environments. Stomatopods build their burrows in shallow water, including reefs, canals, and marshes. Behavior Mantis shrimps are highly intelligent. They recognize and remember other individuals by sight and smell, and they demonstrate an ability to learn. The animals have a complex social behavior, which includes ritualized fighting and coordinated activities between members of a monogamous pair. They use fluorescent patterns to signal each other and possibly other species. Reproduction and Life Cycle On average, a mantis shrimp lives 20 years. During its lifetime, it may breed 20 to 30 times. In some species, the only interaction between males and females occurs during mating. The female either lays eggs in her burrow or carries them around with her. In other species, shrimp mate in monogamous, life-long relationships, with both sexes caring for the eggs. After hatching, offspring spend three months as zooplankton before molting into their adult form. A peacock mantis shrimp carrying its egg ribbon, Anilao, Philippines. Brook Peterson/Stocktrek Images / Getty Images Diet and Hunting For the most part, the mantis shrimp is a solitary, reclusive hunter. Some species actively stalk prey, while other wait within the lair. The animal kills by rapidly unfolding its raptorial claws with an astounding acceleration of 102,000Â  m/s2 and speed of 23 mps (51 mph). The strike is so quick it boils water between the shrimp and its prey, producing cavitation bubbles. When the bubbles collapse, the resulting shockwave hits prey with an instantaneous force of 1500 newtons. So, even if the shrimp misses its target, the shockwave can stun or kill it. The collapsing bubble also produces weak light, known as sonoluminescence. Typical prey includes fish, snail, crabs, oysters, and other mollusks. Mantis shrimps will also eat members of their own species. Predators As zooplankton, newly hatched and juvenile mantis shrimp are eaten by a variety of animals, including jellyfish, fish, and baleen whales. As adults, stomatopods have few predators. Several species of mantis shrimp are eaten as seafood. Their meat is closer in flavor to lobster than shrimp. In many places, eating them carries the usual risks associated with eating seafood from contaminated waters. Conservation Status Over 500 species of mantis shrimps have been described, but relatively little is known about the creatures because they spend most of their time in their burrows. Their population status is unknown and their conservation status has not been evaluated. Some species are kept in aquaria. Sometimes they are unwelcome aquarium denizens, as they eat other species and can break glass with their claws. Otherwise, they are valued for their bright colors, intelligence, and ability to craft new holes in living rock. Sources Chiou, Tsyr-Huei et al. (2008) Circular Polarization Vision in a Stomatopod Crustacean. Current Biology, Vol 18, Issue 6, pp. 429-434. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.066Corwin, Thomas W. (2001). Sensory adaptation: Tunable colour vision in a mantis shrimp. Nature. 411 (6837): 547–8. doi:10.1038/35079184Patek, S. N.; Korff, W. L.; Caldwell, RL. (2004). Deadly strike mechanism of a mantis shrimp. Nature. 428 (6985): 819–820. doi:10.1038/428819aPiper, Ross (2007). Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-33922-8.

East Asian Co-Production in Film Industry Research Paper

East Asian Co-Production in Film Industry - Research Paper Example Various scholarships have been offered on popular culture that is conventionally exploring the meaning of texts. This has resulted in popular culture co-productions and collaborations in East Asia, drawing on empirical studies of cultural industries in Korea, Japan, Indonesia, and the Philippines (Yau, 2003). This has consequently employed the usage of a regional framework in order to analyze the consequences of collaboration and co-production. In Asia, particularly East Asia, the rapid growth of the creative industry has induced a severe shortage of talented professional working force that includes the director, producer, and the scripter. The search to secure human capital is very significant to the success in this highly competitive field of creativity and artistry. However, the structure and dynamics of human capital development in this creative industry are yet to win the full understanding of its assessors in matters of a provision of efficient programs meant to accelerate human capital development. The resultant lack of understanding is caused by the complexity of work, as well as the fact that fostering creative talent requires a relatively long time that the rest of non-knowledge intensive industries (Chua, 2004). Japan is currently the nation under a considerable critical spotlight in the continuing debate on the Asia imaginary. Japan’s long history of cultural and economic hegemony in the region has always been challenged by Korea and China as from the early 1990s.

Modern Dance and Ballet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern Dance and Ballet - Essay Example Therefore, the observation and analysis of this song demonstrates the development of contemporary dance and ballet. Contemporary dance and ballet exemplifies a form of sovereignty and liberty in the movements. Anciently, dance movements were entirely confined in a regular routine. In this case, antique choreographers viewed dance as a repetition of a regular sequence of movements (Dunning, 2). Subsequent generations of dancers criticized the principles that regulated ancient dance. According to the modern dancers, the ancient movements incapacitated originality in art. Therefore, they implemented a new technique that would enhance human fecundity, and that would be freer. Their implementation invented the movements in contemporary ballet. Isadora Duncan and Mary Wigman were amongst the spearheads of the new enactments (Foulkes, 1). This feature is evident in the performances of the song My Immortal. Upon performance of this song, dancers manifest a freer maneuver on stage. Additionally, creativity manifests in the occupation of the stage. In this case, the artiste is not limited to a rigid routin e. The performer takes abrupt, but congruent maneuvers in different spots of the stage. This feature amounts to an ideal stage occupation procedure. Consequently, the artiste captivates the audience to the movements on stage (Horosko, 12). Evidently, this exemplifies a modification from the ancient patterns of regular routines and movements on stage. Gestures are an indispensable aspect in dance. Contemporary ballet pronounced emphasis on the use of gestures in the movements (Brown, 22). This would also be an immense platform for the exploration of creativity in dancing art.

Lab rebort Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rebort - Lab Report Example Therefore, an inverse relationship existed between transmittance and concentration. The green and red solutions provided linear relationships between concentration and transmittance. The equation % T=1/%Concentration was established where % transmission increased with a decrease in concentration. The above equation meant that plotting %T on the y-axis and 1/% concentration on the x-axis gave a straight line that passed through the origin (y intercept as zero). However, it was not possible to obtain a precise linear relationship between transmittance and concentration for the blue and blue-green solutions. Overall, the aim of the experiment was achieved because a relationship between transmittance and concentration was obtained. However, the setup could be improved further by increasing the percentage concentrations, for example, from 0% to 5% to 10% and so on. Additionally, the solutions that did not yield good linear results (blue and blue-green) could be diluted further to enable the establishment of a linear relationship between transmittance and concentration. It was concluded that spectrophotometry was a reliable technique in the determination of the concentrations of colored

The North And South Gap In Economic Development

The North And South Gap In Economic Development According to dependency perspective has globalization increase or reduce the North and South gap in economic development? The international political economy is determined by two significant income gaps. The first is the significant gap between the rich and poor nations, and the second is the growing differences between groups of LDCs. When we analyze North-South differences, we observe the North and Souths problems -Western system-. North-South debate had became great significant at the end of the 20th century. The return from an investment on a sustainable basis gap between North and South is growing. Also, the objects produced by the states of the South become lesser costly for developed countries. Such situation enables the less developed nations to create more in order to buy even lesser goods from the wealth countries. It decreases the skills of the less developed countries to direct the global economy because their goods are not needed and their view is not taken into account by the rich countries. Therefore less developed countries are usually discomfort with the direction of the global economy because of the little role that they play in its organization. The North-South issue was studied by the three different philosophical approaches, which argued whether this gap could be decreased in the global economic system. Liberal theory of economic improvement is the theories in the International economy. Globalist or Marxist approaches look the problem in the free-trade system. Structuralists are between liberals and globalists because they claim that the system is not optimal however can be in peaceful manner reformed and organized again. All theories can be made judgments at many point, but all of them contain significant information for the complex view of the issue. Marxists keen on the economics of South by North, which is an initial pattern of the capitalist system. They claim that free-trade represents a non equal exchange between the North and the South in the economy dominated the North. Thats why because of its direction ability, a requirement for the raw materials and markets abroad, the North decreases prices on the materials exported from the North. The problem with this approach is that the Third World is not any longer very important to the wealth nations. Its exports goods dont have affect on the North because each consumptions of raw materials reduces because of changing growth patterns, conservation, substitution and technological developments. Structuralists has same view with Marxists that free trade is not equal exchange with most of its benefits belonging to the rich countries. But, they argue that it is not a required view of the system. They say the two structure of society when some people has primal conditions and some has the global economy due to their job in export industry. By regional integration structuralists say creating of trade associations among many developing nations to require attractive and reliable to the foreign investors. This theory problem is the question of its practical act of implying. There is a political trouble connected to the economic realm: how can the weakest state change their situation against the will of the strongest state? Another question is whether regulation can be do and what is needed to do for its strengthened. Since the end of World War ll, developing countries have searched several different ways in an effort to change their dependence. In the Bretton Woods era, developing countries were dependent on the developed North and pursued national strategies designed to isolate or protect themselves from the international economic system. The major aims of the developing countries are to handle poverty and inequality, growing and to has an important role in the global economy decision process. Developing nations demand to change the system or to adapt to it with the lowest cost to their economy. There are many general Southern strategies to achieve these aims, which were acquired many years later of samples and mistakes, such as the attempt to delink themselves from some aspects of the International economic system, the try to change the economic rule itself, and the try to increase the greatest level the gains from integration into the common system. After the decolonization period, the non wealth countries made political independence however did not provide economic level. In many situations developing countries experienced suffering in having some countries but their main state as their financial suppliers. The Developing states economies were limited of capital and technical skills. Both factors comprised the dependence of the Southern states on the technology realm and economic resources of the more developed countries. The other wave of dependence was that developing countries depend their economies on one exporting material and so soon became dependent on their main countries. Bad result of the dependence situation of the developing countries on a only one commodity was that the price decreased this very commodity effected the all economy and destabilized it. Free-trade system looked like to advantages all however the developing countries; therefore they were distrustful of its effectiveness. To restrain their dependence, d eveloping states began two new strategies; the import substitution strategy (IS) the export substitution strategy (ES). The other strategy to achieve economic improvement for developing nations was to want the United Nations assisting in the sense of aid from foreign and special trade choices for example lower tariffs. As a result of this together cry for changes G-77 was made to behave as last indefinitely political parts representing the interests of the developing nations in the UN. The structure of the (UNCTAD) -United Nations Conference on Trade and Development- which deliver the opinion of structuralists about the greater aid flows, limiting of free trade and control of MNCs, showed the confrontations between LDCs and wealth countries in UN. The tries of the LDC to establish their assembly to affect the wealth countries went beyond. In 1974 developing nations called for a New International Economic Order, which promises to solve the economic crises. Its achievement depended on the integrity of the Southern nations, credibility of their export goods and meaning their vulnerability by North. The New International Economic Order failed because of these three steps was not completed. Firstly, there was a high gap between the Newly Independent Nations and the less developed countries. In addition, the commodity became less costly for North, whose want raw materials were reducing. The other factor was that the North did not demand to make any changes besides what they were eager to do. The North suggest its help by agreeing to send the funds, to offer advise to learn about export strategies, to avoid degradation of the global circumstances and to decrease the flow of the Souths people to the North.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The shortcoming of the New International Economic Order did not solve the North-South issue. After 2. shock it became clear that oil suppliers and developing nations succeeding the export substitution strategy very well. Criticisms of Washington Consensus The term  Washington Consensus  was firstly coined in 1989  to describe a set of ten important economic policy offers that he considered should constitute the reform package provide for  crisis-wracked  developing countries  based institutions such as the  International Monetary Fund  (IMF),  World Bank, and the  US Treasury Department. It has been criticized by people such as  Joseph E. Stiglitz. This is the most important point of Stiglitzs criticisms of the IMF neo-classical approach in the South. They simply do not have the institutions or information transparency for the neo-classical model to work. Stiglitzs criticisms are about the disadvantages of globalization. He stated some problems about this consensus. The South is getting screwed by asymmetrical trade opening. The South is getting a raw deal on the opening up of services and intellectual property rights. The South would gain more from trade than aid. The IMF is too doctrinaire and ideological in applying its one size fits all to countries around the world. The IMF screwed up in East Asia, by mis-diagnosing the basic causes of the problem. The result of capital account crises combined with the IMFs classic medicine has been disaster. There is a huge market failure in world capital markets. All of the risk is being carried by the South because they cannot borrow long-term in their own currencies. Hence, the borrowers, not the rich lenders take the risk. CONCLUSION While both Liberals and Marxist advocate growth ideology, especially economic growth, these approaches do not give importance to power structures and relations. The main aim of these approaches that how can developing countries reach the standart of developing economy in the North. Whereas, social transformation is of highly importance for this transformation. After examining many different views to deal with the North-South issue, It can be said that solution of this problem is not simple. Gap between North and South can be decreased by some reforms. In light of these reforms, economy of developing countries must be developed. On the other hand, social development is of highly importance in terms of reducing of North-South gap. Equality of member in society must be provided.

Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is a story of a young man who finds himself in many unpredictable situations. In the novel, Huck is constantly changing his setting. Either he is on the land, at the shore of the mighty Mississippi river, or upon a small raft floating downstream. Since Huck lives on both the shore and the river, the reader is able to compare the differences between them. To Huck the river has sense of freedom. Compared to life on the shore, Huck believes the river should be his home. For his companion, the runaway slave, Jim, life is always dangerous because of the price on his head. Also there are always hidden hazards that can pop up at any time. Huck Finn, the son of the town drunkard, has had a hard time living with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Huck grew up living wild out in the open, just going as he pleased. Now he living in a house, with two ladies that are very strict with manners. Although, he doesn’t runaway back to the woods, he still wishes he could go back to the easy living in the uncivilized outdoors. When Huck’s father learns of his wealth, he kidnaps Huck, and takes him back to a cabin on the other side of the river. After repeated beatings Huck escapes and makes the scene look as if he had been murdered. He then hides on Jackson Island, and returns to his life of freedom. Also on the Island is Jim, Miss Watson’s runaway slave. After finding out that the men of the town are searching for Jim, the two load up on a raft and sail down the river. Huck’s life has changed very drastically through these course of events. When he was living in town he learned manners, and how to be civilized. Now he is floating peacefully down the Mississippi River without a care in the world. For Jim, life on the river is always threatening. They must travel at night, and hide during the days. Jim’s plan is to go to the Ohio river, and travel north into the free states. One night, in a storm they float past Cairo and cannot sail back upstream, to the Ohio. Jim’s secret is put in jeopardy, when two frauds, are picked up by Huck. They ask Huck about the pre sence of Jim, on the raft, but Huck is very clever with his answer. Huck Finn :: essays research papers The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is a story of a young man who finds himself in many unpredictable situations. In the novel, Huck is constantly changing his setting. Either he is on the land, at the shore of the mighty Mississippi river, or upon a small raft floating downstream. Since Huck lives on both the shore and the river, the reader is able to compare the differences between them. To Huck the river has sense of freedom. Compared to life on the shore, Huck believes the river should be his home. For his companion, the runaway slave, Jim, life is always dangerous because of the price on his head. Also there are always hidden hazards that can pop up at any time. Huck Finn, the son of the town drunkard, has had a hard time living with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Huck grew up living wild out in the open, just going as he pleased. Now he living in a house, with two ladies that are very strict with manners. Although, he doesn’t runaway back to the woods, he still wishes he could go back to the easy living in the uncivilized outdoors. When Huck’s father learns of his wealth, he kidnaps Huck, and takes him back to a cabin on the other side of the river. After repeated beatings Huck escapes and makes the scene look as if he had been murdered. He then hides on Jackson Island, and returns to his life of freedom. Also on the Island is Jim, Miss Watson’s runaway slave. After finding out that the men of the town are searching for Jim, the two load up on a raft and sail down the river. Huck’s life has changed very drastically through these course of events. When he was living in town he learned manners, and how to be civilized. Now he is floating peacefully down the Mississippi River without a care in the world. For Jim, life on the river is always threatening. They must travel at night, and hide during the days. Jim’s plan is to go to the Ohio river, and travel north into the free states. One night, in a storm they float past Cairo and cannot sail back upstream, to the Ohio. Jim’s secret is put in jeopardy, when two frauds, are picked up by Huck. They ask Huck about the pre sence of Jim, on the raft, but Huck is very clever with his answer.